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彩神平台2023-01-31 16:05

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中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

疼!为什么身体这个部位被足球运动员视如生命?******

  世界杯已进入第四天,如火如荼的赛程让人激动不已,不过也有不少人发现,许多球员因伤病告别了本次世界杯,其中脚踝损伤是足球运动员常见的伤病之一,比如韩国球员朴志洙因脚踝韧带撕裂,在最后一场热身赛中告别了世界杯。德国球员罗伊斯脚踝伤病无法及时恢复,前锋维尔纳,作为上届德国队征战世界杯和欧洲杯的主力球员,也因为脚踝韧带撕裂宣告缺席本届世界杯。

  不只是专业球员,普通人也会经常脚踝损伤,也就是我们所说的崴脚。但是因为太常见,很多人不当回事,除非肿痛难忍才去看医生。

  其实,脚踝损伤需要及时处理,否则会给我们留下后遗症,带来生活的不便。

  一、我们的脚踝什么时候最容易受伤

  正常情况下,韧带——一种短而坚韧的带状组织,将我们关节处的骨头固定在一起,所以我们的脚踝才可以自如地活动。

  当我们在高低不平的地面上行走或跑步时,下楼梯、起跳后落地,容易失去平衡会发生踝关节扭伤,尤其是在踩到石头或踩空时更容易发生。

  在上述场景中,我们的踝关节扭曲、拉伸或弯曲过度,固定在我们踝关节的其中一根或多根韧带被撕裂或疼痛性拉伸,严重时,还会出现骨折。

疼!为什么身体这个部位被足球运动员视如生命?

来源:解放军第306医院

  如果之前曾经发生过踝关节扭伤,腿部肌肉无力或腿部肌肉损伤,穿高跟鞋等,会更容易扭伤踝关节。

  二、处理方式不当,可能会留下后遗症

  如果,不小心扭伤脚踝后,你第一时间会选择怎样处理?

  转动下脚踝,感觉不太痛,继续运动?

  在感觉到痛的地方,抹上红花油活血化瘀?

  拿个热毛巾敷一敷?

  其实以上都是错误的处理方式。

  继续运动,可能使损伤部位症状加重。

  红花油的活血作用,会使血流加快,让肿胀更加严重。

  在受伤早期,韧带表面分布的细小血管破裂,如果采取热敷的方式,可能会使细小血管进一步扩张,导致出血更加严重,淤青更加明显。

  有数据统计,踝关节扭伤损伤者中,会有30%-40%的人是在不正当处置下出现慢性踝关节不稳或其他症状。因为不当的处置导致愈合不良,容易出现经常性的踝关节疼痛肿胀,经常崴脚等症状。

  如果存在以下情形,就需要警惕可能是留下了后遗症,需要到医院去寻求帮助:踝关节扭伤3个月以上仍然存在疼痛、肿胀等不适症状,或者走平路也经常扭脚;走远路感到踝关节疼痛、肿胀;走路时出现“闪”一下或者“打软腿”的情形;下楼梯时需要小心翼翼,很怕扭脚,或者感觉很难控制脚踝;在运动中变向比较困难等。

  三、脚踝损伤后如何正确处理?

  我们首先可以先判断一下扭伤的严重程度。

  脚踝损伤的症状一般包括:踝关节肿胀、疼痛,尝试行走时疼痛加重,一天后可能会出现淤青(韧带表面分布的细小血管破裂所导致)。

  如果扭伤后感受不到严重的疼痛,也没有出现淤青、肿胀等症状,一般情况不严重,不必去医院,这种情况下,减少活动多休息,对脚踝进行冰敷,这可以通过降温收缩毛细血管,减少出血和渗液,有利于控制病情发展。

疼!为什么身体这个部位被足球运动员视如生命?

  如果无法判断病情程度,可以采取PRICE原则,同时尽快到医院由专科医生进行判断治疗。

  P:保护。

  以适当的工具和姿势(如石膏或支具)进行保护,避免造成二次伤害,保护固定踝关节的时间大概为一到三周。

  R:休息

  停止脚踝活动,避免加重伤势。

  I:冰敷

  在扭伤后48小时内,通过降低受伤部位温度,可以减轻炎症反应和肌肉痉挛,缓解疼痛抑制肿胀。注意不要将冰块直接敷在扭伤的地方,可以用湿毛巾裹住冰块,以免冻伤。

  C:压迫

  用弹性绷带包裹给受伤部位加压,可以阻止继续出血,预防严重的踝关节肿胀。

  E:抬高患肢

  将小腿和踝关节抬高至高过心脏的位置,比如躺下在腿下放几个枕头。注意踝关节的高度应超过膝关节,膝关节的高度超过髋关节,髋关节的高度超过身体水平位。这可以促进下肢静脉血管的运行,降低脚踝疼痛肿胀的症状。注意,在没有明显消肿前尽量不要让受伤脚着地,有条件的话尽量保持受伤脚抬高。

  资料来源:潇湘晨报、科技日报澎湃新闻、生命时报、阜外华中心血管病医院、广州日报

  整理:党敏

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